Gas-turbine.



IVI. E. BENGTSON.

GAS TuvRBpNE. APPLICATION FILED SEPT-8,1916.

PeeentedFeb. 12

,1918. 2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

.IVI` E. BENGTSON.

GAS TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 8, Isle.

Patented Feb. 12, 1918.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

meeeee.,

Specification of Lettera Patent.

Patented Febo 12, 191%..

Application filed September 8, 1916. Serial No. 119,070.

To all lwhom zt may concern.' v

Be it known that I, MARTIN E, BENorsoN, a subject of the King of Sweden,residing at Springfield, in the county of Hampden and State ofMassachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvementsin Gas-Turbines; and I do. hereby declare the following to be a ful1, clear,and exact descripy sor.

tion of the invention, such as will enable others Skilled in the art towhich it apperf tains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to new and useful improvements in gas turbinesand -the principal object of the invention is' to provide a turbine inwhich the explosive charge is compressed by means of a rotary compres-Another object of the invention is to prov1de a gas turbine having aplurality of ex'- ploslon chambers open at opposite ends which areclosed by the turbine wheel and compressor so as to insure thecompressing" of the charge within the device Still another object of theinvention is to provide a water cooled motor of the rotary type havingits explosion chamber completely water jacketed so as to avoid thepossibilitv of the parts swelling and sticking.

With these and other objects in View the invention consists in the novelcombination and arrangement of parts which will be fully set forth inVthe following specification an accompanying drawings, in which igure. 1is a side view in elevation of a turbine constructed in accordance withthis invention.

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view through Fig. l. y

ig. 3 is a transverse sectional view on line 3 3 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a transverse sectional view on line 4 4 of Fig. 2, and

. Fig. 5 is a transverse, sectional view on line 5-'-5 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 6 is a sectional view powe.-` rotor taken on the line showing theV-shaped .vanes through the 6-6 of Fig. 5 in detail.

Referringto the drawingthe numeral 1 designates the base of the deviceupon which the same is supported. The turbine comprises three separateshell members 2, 3 and 4; which are respectively known as the eX- lngnow to the detail description of each of the members we will first takeup the de-` scription of the member designated by the numeral 2.

The member2 comprises a wall 5 formed with a central outwardly extendinghollow boss 6 which is preferably externally screw threaded at its outerend to support the cap 7. l A central bore 8 extends through the body 5and communicates with the opening in @le boss 6 and at the lpoint wherethe opening 8 andthe central opening of said boss joins is formed theuse of which will appear as the description proceeds. Formed at thevouter edge of the body 5 is a curved wall 10 which curves inwardly asat l1 and is provided at its extreme inner edge with a flange 12, theuse of which will be more fully hereinafter described. The wall 5 andthe curved portions 10 and 1l thereof are formed with a chamber 13forming the water jacket for the exhaust side of the motor. In order toprovide a means to let the exhaust gases escape, a suitable exhaust port14 is formed in the plate or body 5 as clearly shown in Fig. 2.

assing now to the description of the central section designated by thenumeral 3, the numerals 15-a11d 16 designate respectively the outlet andintake rings of the member. These rings are connected at their inner andouter edges by the walls 17 and the outer faces of the rings aremachined off so as to form smooth Surfaces against which the rotors run.Formed within the annular Chamber formed by the rings 15 and 1G and thewalls 17 are suitable Walls 18 forming tapered explosion chambers 19 thereduced ends of which are disposed toward the exhaust chamber. Suitabletapered walls 20 joinrthe walls 18 at their reduced end and Hareoutwardly toward the exhal st charnber as clearly shown in Fig. 2. Theendvof the chamber 19 opposite the reduced end opens into the intakechamber in which the com'- pression rotor to be more fully hereinafterdescribed is operable. Extending radially inwardly from the outer walls17 is a plurality of hollow bosses 21 the inner ends of whichcommunicate with the chambers 19 ,and these bosses are internally screwthreaded to receive the spark plugs 22 bv means Y before described.Formed centrally of the of which the compressed gases witliln theexplosion chambers 19 are red. It w1ll lthus be seen that when a chargeis compressed within the explosion chamber the spark plug thereof istired so that the spark Jumps between its electrodes and ignites thecharge thereby exploding the same and driving the burnt gases outthrough the passage 20 into the exhaust'v chamber, first passing thesame through the vanes of the rotor.

Passing now to the description of the intake end of the device the sameconsists of the wall or body 23 provided at its periphery with thecircular wall 24 which is in turn formed with a flange 25 whichcoperates with lthe attaching flanges 26 of the central member. It willbe understood that two of these attaching anges are provided on thecentral member and one of the same coperates with the flange 12 whilethe opposite coperates with the flange 25 hereinbody or wall 23 is anoutwardly extending hollow boss 27 provided with screw threads at itsouter end by means of which the cap 28 is attached thereto. An annularrow of openings 29 is formed in the body or wall 23 and surrounds theboss 27 to provide inlet ports by means of which the air and gases areadmitted to the intake chamber. A suitable bore 30 extends throughthewall 23 and communicates with the opening in the boss 27 and at thepoint where the bore of the boss and the bore 30 join is formed a seat31 which corresponds with the seat or bearing 9 of the wall 2. i

Seated on the seats 9 and 31 are the spherical bodies 32 provided withthe axial bores 33 which pass therethrough and are adapted to receiveopposite ends of the shaft 34 on which the rotors are mounted. Suitablecompression coil springs 35 cbear against the caps 7 and 28 and theinner ends of said u springs bear against the spherical bodies 32 tohold the 4same {irmly against their seat. It will thus be seen that apair of self-oiling bearings are provided for the drive shaft 34 of thedevice.

Passing now to the description of the compressor rotor the numeral 36designates the hub thereof which is formed integrally at the center ofthe disk 37 forming the body of the rotor. This disk or body is providedwith the inlet ports or openings. 38 which are arranged in annularseries near its periphery, and intermediate the' ports are formed theradiating ribs 39 which form the fan blades by means of which theinrushing gas is com ressed in the explosion It will thus be seen thatwhen the compressing rotor is operated the same will have the eHect of acentrifugal fan blower and the iluidsdrawn in through the opening 42will be expelled through the openings 38 and into the explosionchambers.

After the explosion takes place in the explosion chamber the gases passbetween the vanes of the power rotor which is designated generally bythe numeral 43. This rotor comprises the hub 44 having an annular iange45 formed at its periphery which flange is formed at spaced intervalswith openings 46 in which the vanes 47 are formed. These vanes areV-shaped as illustrated in Fig. 2, and it will be seen that theexploding gases passing through the passage 20 will be directed againstthe walls of the vanes, thereby setting the device in motion.

It will be apparent from the foregoing that in use the device must firstbe startedV Upon the firil'ig of the gases it will be evident that theertain expansion thereof will exert a pressure against the vanes 47,thereby setting the motor in operation under its own power. It will thenbe evident that the prime mover may be disconnected and lthe motorallowed to run without further assistance. f Y

While in the foregoing there has been shown and described the preferredembodiment of this invention, it is to be understood that such changesmaybe made in the combination and arrangement of parts as will fallwithin the spirit and scope of the.

appended claim.

Vhat is claimed is:

In a device of the class described, a wall forming an intake chamber,said wall being provided with an annular series of openings near itscenter, a bearing mounted centrally of the wall, walls at the oppositeend of the first mentioned wall forming a plurality of annularlydisposed explosion chambers, a wall forming an exhaust chamber `on the iside opposite the intake chamber, a bearin centrally of the lastmentioned wall, a sha rotatable in the bearings, the last named wallhaving an exhaust port therein, a.l compression rotor mounted on theshaft Within the intake chamber, a guard wall within the intake chambermounted in close 'proximity to the compressionrotor, means to draw inthe explosive charge from the intake chamber and force thesame intotheexplosion chambers, the saidv rotor having a plurality of intakeopenings formed between the ribs whereby the charge admitted to theexplosion chamber will' be compressed, an operatin staggered relation tothe openings in the ing rotor mounted on the opposite end of compressionrotor. El@ the shaftv and running against the opposite in fstimonwhereof I aix my signature side of the explosion chambers, said rotor inpresence of two witnesses. 5 being.;l provided with an' annular seriesof 'n MARTIN E. BENG'JFSON.

openmgs, and a plurality of vanes in the Witnesses: openings againstwhich the exploded gases THEonoRn F. DWIGHT, impinge, the said openingsbeing arranged ARTHUR A. BETH.,

